{"id":4723,"date":"2021-04-05T05:59:21","date_gmt":"2021-04-05T05:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/47.106.156.26:8081\/WordPress\/?p=4723"},"modified":"2021-07-18T13:40:59","modified_gmt":"2021-07-18T13:40:59","slug":"2%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e4%b8%8a%e6%89%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/?p=4723","title":{"rendered":"(2) QGIS\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4723\" class=\"elementor elementor-4723\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-97b7226 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"97b7226\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a736587\" data-id=\"a736587\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cb16b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cb16b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2><\/h2>\n<h3 data-v-1811fb4e=\"\"><span id=\"1\">1. \u5236\u4f5c\u5730\u56fe<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u5f20\u53ef\u4f9b\u6253\u5370\u6216\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u65f6\uff0cQGIS\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7ec4\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5730\u56fe\u51fa\u7248\u8bbe\u8ba1\u300d\uff08Print Composer\uff09\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u56fe\u5c42\u6253\u5305\u8d77\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf4\u660e<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u672c\u6559\u5b66\u793a\u8303\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u5f20\u5305\u542b\u57fa\u672c\u5236\u56fe\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u7f51\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u3001\u65b9\u4f4d\u6807\u793a\u3001\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u3001\u56fe\u4f8b\u4e0e\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u63d2\u9875\u5c0f\u56fe\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u4f1a\u5b66\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b<\/h4>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u5b9e\u65f6CRS\u8f6c\u6362\u300d\u628a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6295\u5f71\u4e0b\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u4e00\u5448\u73b0\n<h4>\u53d6\u5f97\u8d44\u6599<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8fd9\u8fb9\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fNatural Earth dataset\u4e2d\u7684Natural EarthQuick Start Kit\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\u5df2\u7ecf\u6574\u7406\u5f97\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230QGIS\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">Download the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/naciscdn.org\/naturalearth\/packages\/Natural_Earth_quick_start.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">NaturalEarthQuickstartKit<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.qgistutorials.com\/zh_TW\/docs\/credits.html#naturalearth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">[NATURALEARTH]<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4>\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4e0b\u8f7dNatural EarthQuick Start Kit\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3002\u5f00\u542fQGIS\uff0c\u70b9\u9009\u4e13\u6848\u2192\u5f00\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_1.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8fdb\u5165Natural Earth Quick Start Kit\u89e3\u538b\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ebNatural_Earth_quick_start_for_QGIS.qgs\u7684\u6863\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_2.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u300cQGIS\u9879\u76ee\u6863\u300d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4e00\u5e76\u542b\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u56fe\u5c42\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u6309\u4e0b\u5f00\u542f\u3002\u7136\u540e\u9879\u76ee\u5185\u542b\u7684\u56fe\u5c42\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230QGIS\u7684\u753b\u5e03\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u753b\u5e03\u4e0a\u65b9\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u8baf\u606f\uff0c\u70b9\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u53c9\u53c9\u53d6\u6d88\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_3.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u8981\u5236\u4f5c\u65e5\u672c\u5730\u56fe\u4e86\u3002\u70b9\u9009\u653e\u5927\u94ae\u540e\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u9644\u8fd1\u753b\u4e2a\u957f\u65b9\u5f62\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5730\u56fe\u4f1a\u653e\u5927\u5230\u6b64\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6389\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u56fe\u5c42\uff0c\u4f8b\u598210m_geography_marine_polys\u548c10m_admin_0_map_units\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u52fe\u9009\u53d6\u6d88\u6389\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u987a\u5229\u7684\u6392\u7248\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u4e3a\u5730\u56fe\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u6cd5\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf(GCS)\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u300c\u7ecf\u7eac\u5ea6\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4ee5\u300c\u516c\u91cc\u300d\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u60f3\u8981\u51fa\u56fe\u7684\u533a\u57df\u53d8\u5f62\u5f97\u592a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cUTM(\u56fd\u9645\u6a2a\u9ea6\u5361\u6258)\u6295\u5f71\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002UTM\u6295\u5f71\u6cd5\u628a\u5168\u7403\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5207\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u5c0f\u5757\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u7167\u4f60\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528UTM 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src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_13.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5207\u6362\u5230QGIS\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u653e\u5927\u94ae\u653e\u5927\u5230\u4e1c\u4eac\u5e02\u5468\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_14.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8fd9\u4e2ane_10m_populated_places\u56fe\u5c42\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5730\u540d\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u5173\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_15.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p 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class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_17.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e2a\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u6807\u793a\u5c0f\u63d2\u56fe\u662f\u4f4d\u5728\u4e3b\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u54ea\u91cc\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5206\u9875\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u56fe0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5c5e\u6027\u5206\u9875\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f80\u4e0b\u5377\u52a8\u5230\u5168\u89c8\u56fe\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u70b9\u9009\u65b0\u589e\u5168\u89c8\u56fe\u7684\u6309\u94ae\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_18.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u56fe\u6846\u9009\u5355\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u56fe1\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5730\u56fe1\u7684\u5c0f\u56fe\u8303\u56f4\u6807\u793a\u5728\u5730\u56fe0\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_19.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u73b0\u5728\u63d2\u9875\u5c0f\u56fe\u4e5f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u6765\u52a0\u4e2a\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u548c\u6591\u9a6c\u6846\uff08Zebra Border\uff09\u5230\u4e3b\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5206\u9875\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u56fe0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5c5e\u6027\u5206\u9875\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f80\u4e0b\u5377\u52a8\u5230\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u70b9\u9009\u52a0\u5165\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u7684\u6309\u94ae\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_20.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u6cd5\u6807\u793a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u7ecf\u7eac\u5ea6\u300d\u6807\u793a\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u5374\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e5f\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684CRS\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\u3002\u8bf7\u70b9\u9009\u7f51\u683c\u7ebf\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0cCRS\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u53d8\u66f4&#8230;\u6309\u94ae\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_21.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u9009\u62e9\u5750\u6807\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4f1a\u8df3\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6761\u4ef6\u5185\u8f93\u51654326\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9WGS84 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src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_24.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e\u5730\u56fe\u56fe\u6846\u4e4b\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5750\u6807\u6587\u5b57\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\uff1b\u800c\u8c03\u6574\u5750\u6807\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u52301\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5750\u6807\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u5230\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b2c1\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_25.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u518d\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u4e2a\u6307\u5317\u7bad\u5934\u3002QGIS\u7684\u51fa\u56fe\u8bbe\u8ba1\u529f\u80fd\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u5185\u5efa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u73b0\u6210\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u6307\u5317\u7bad\u5934\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u56fe\u5c42\u2192\u52a0\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_26.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u7528\u9f20\u6807\u5de6\u952e\u5728\u5730\u56fe\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u62d6\u66f3\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f62\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u628a\u641c\u5bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u70b9\u5f00\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u56fe\u6848\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_27.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u518d\u52a0\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u56fe\u5c42\u2192\u52a0\u5165\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_28.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5355\u51fb\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u786e\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u662f\u4e3b\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u63d2\u9875\u5c0f\u56fe\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u3002\u5404\u79cd\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u8fb9\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u7ebf\u6bb5\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u9ed1\u767d\u7ebf\u6bb5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_29.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u603b\u7b97\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u6807\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff01\u9009\u62e9\u56fe\u5c42\u2192\u52a0\u5165\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_30.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u62d6\u66f3\u5377\u6807\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5c55\u5f00\u9879\u76ee\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u6587\u5b57\u8bd5\u8bd5\u3002\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u8fd9\u662fHTML\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u52fe\u9009\u7ed8\u5236\u6210HTML\u7684\u9009\u9879\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528HTML\u5377\u6807\u89e3\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/e40.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_31.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u5236\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5377\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_32.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u628a\u5730\u56fe\u8c03\u6574\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u72b6\u6001\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u51fa\u6210\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u4ef6\u3001PDF\u6216\u662fSVG\u6a94\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\u8f6c\u5b58\u6210\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u56fe\u8bbe\u8ba1\u2192\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u5f71\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_33.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5b58\u6210\u4efb\u4e00\u79cd\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u653e\u7684\u662f\u5b58\u6210PNG\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_34.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<h3 data-v-1811fb4e=\"\"><span id=\"2\">2. \u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">GIS\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89e3\u6784\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u2500\u2500\u56fe\u5f81\uff08Features\uff09\u53ca\u5c5e\u6027\uff08Attributes\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5c5e\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u56fe\u5f81\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002\u672c\u6559\u5b66\u5c06\u793a\u8303\u5982\u4f55\u6d4f\u89c8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728QGIS\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5c5e\u6027\u6267\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf4\u660e<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8fd9\u6b21\u6559\u5b66\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6709\u4eba\u4f4f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u5f53\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u4e8e1,000,000\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u9996\u90fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4f1a\u5b66\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u2022 \u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9009\u53d6\u56fe\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u56fe\u5f81<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u2022 \u4f7f\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u5de5\u5177\u680f\u53d6\u6d88\u9009\u53d6\u56fe\u5f81<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u2022 \u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2\u5efa\u6784\u5668\u6765\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u6b21\u7fa4\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u53d6\u5f97\u8d44\u6599<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">Natural Earth\u4e0a\u6709\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/downloads\/10m-cultural-vectors\/10m-populated-places\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4eba\u53e3\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730<\/a>\u00a0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/http\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/download\/10m\/cultural\/ne_10m_populated_places_simple.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u7b80\u5316\u7248(\u5b57\u6bb5\u8f83\u5c11)\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fde\u7ed3\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.qgistutorials.com\/downloads\/ne_10m_populated_places_simple.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">ne_10m_populated_places_simple.zip<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff1a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.qgistutorials.com\/zh_TW\/docs\/credits.html#naturalearth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">[NATURALEARTH]<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4>\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8f7d\u597d\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6253\u5f00QGIS\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u56fe\u5c42\u2192\u52a0\u5165\u56fe\u5c42\u2192\u52a0\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u56fe\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_35.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u70b9\u9009\u6d4f\u89c8\u7136\u540e\u79fb\u5230\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_36.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u627e\u5230ne_10m_populated_places_simple.zip\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u9009\u5f00\u542f\u65e7\u6863\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff0cQGIS\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6zip\u6863\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_37.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">QGIS\u5c31\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6863\u6848\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u70b9\u90fd\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6709\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_38.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u5c42\u4e0a\u53f3\u952e\u5355\u51fb\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5f00\u542f\u5c5e\u6027\u8868\u683c\uff0c<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_39.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_40.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u627e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fe\u5f81\uff08\u6bcf\u4e2a\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5c31\u662fpop_max\u3002\u70b9\u4e24\u6b21\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4ee5\u9012\u51cf\u6392\u5e8f\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_41.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u8bd5\u8bd5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd\u3002QGIS\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3cSQL\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u793a\u5f0f\u9009\u53d6\u56fe\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_42.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u8df3\u51fa\u7684\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u793a\u5f0f\u9009\u53d6\u56fe\u5f81\u300d\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u503c`\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u70b9\u4e24\u4e0b&#8220;pop_max`\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u52a0\u8fdb\u8868\u793a\u5f0f\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u4f1a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u8f7d\u503c\uff1a\u5168\u90e8\u552f\u4e00\u503c\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u503c\u3002\u672c\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u4e8e1,000,000\u7684\u56fe\u5f81\u70b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4e0b\u9009\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\n<pre>\"pop_max\"&gt;1000000<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_43.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6309\u4e0b\u5173\u95ed\u540e\u56de\u5230QGIS\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u9ec4\u8272\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709pop_max\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u5927\u4e8e1,000,000\u7684\u70b9\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_44.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u9996\u90fd\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8bb0\u5728adm0cap\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c1\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u70b9\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u9996\u90fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f7f\u7528and\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6dfb\u52a0\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5230\u521a\u624d\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u7acb\u9a6c\u6765\u8bd5\u8bd5\uff1a\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u793a\u5f0f\u9009\u53d6\u56fe\u5f81\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u540e\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u9009\u53d6\u7136\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\n<pre>\"pop_max\"&gt;1000000and\"adm0cap\"=1<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_45.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u56de\u5230QGIS\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0b\u5b50\u88ab\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u70b9\u5c31\u53d8\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u4e8e1,000,000\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u9996\u90fd\u300d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u5229\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5728\u56fe\u5c42ne_10m_populated_places_simple\u4e0a\u53f3\u952e\u5355\u51fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_46.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u300d\u5206\u9875\u4e2d\uff0c\u627e\u5230Feature subset\uff08\u6216Provider feature filter\uff09\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u67e5\u8be2\u5efa\u6784\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_47.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8f93\u5165\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\n<pre>\"pop_max\"&gt;1000000and\"adm0cap\"=1<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_48.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u56de\u5230QGIS\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u70b9\u90fd\u6d88\u5931\u4e0d\u89c1\u4e86\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u76ee\u524d\u90fd\u8fd8\u662f\u9ec4\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u5904\u5728\u88ab\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u3002\u5728\u300c\u5c5e\u6027\u300d\u5de5\u5177\u680f\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u4e2a\u300c\u53d6\u6d88\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u5c42\u7684\u56fe\u5f81\u9009\u53d6\u300d\u94ae\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u70b9\u9009\u5b83&#8230;<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_49.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56de\u590d\u539f\u6765\u7684\u989c\u8272\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_50.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<h3 data-v-1811fb4e=\"\"><span id=\"3-CSV\">3. \u6c47\u5165\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u6216CSV\u6a94<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8bb8\u591aGIS\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ee5Excel\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u50a8\u5b58\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u624b\u8fb9\u6709\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u7ecf\u7eac\u5ea6\u7684\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u6c47\u5165\u5230QGIS\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf4\u660e<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u628a\u5730\u9707\u7eaa\u5f55\u7684\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u6c47\u5165\u5230QGIS\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u53d6\u5f97\u8d44\u6599<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">NOAA\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u7acb\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e0e\u5927\u6c14\u603b\u7f72\uff09\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u7acb\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08National Geophysical Data Center\uff09\u6c47\u6574\u4e86\u4ece\u516c\u5143\u524d2150\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u9707\u7684\u826f\u597d\u7eaa\u5f55\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ngdc.noaa.gov\/nndc\/struts\/form?t=101650&amp;s=1&amp;d=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4e0b\u8f7d<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ngdc.noaa.gov\/nndc\/struts\/results?type_0=Exact&amp;query_0=$ID&amp;t=101650&amp;s=13&amp;d=189&amp;dfn=signif.txt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u9707\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/a>\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fde\u7ed3\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e24\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.qgistutorials.com\/downloads\/signif.txt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">signif.txt<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.qgistutorials.com\/zh_TW\/docs\/credits.html#ngdc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">[NGDC]<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4>\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p 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class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_51.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6253\u5f00QGIS\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u56fe\u5c42\u2192\u52a0\u5165\u5206\u9694\u6587\u5b57\u56fe\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_52.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p 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src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_59.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u73b0\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u542f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u53bb\u5411\u91cf\u2192\u7a7a\u95f4\u67e5\u8be2\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5916\u6302\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/qgis_60.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<h4>\u5916\u90e8\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5916\u90e8\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u653e\u5728<a href=\"http:\/\/plugins.qgis.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">QGIS Plugins Repository<\/a>\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u641c\u5bfb\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5916\u6302\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5f00\u542fQGIS\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u2192\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u5b89\u88c5\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6&#8230;\uff0c\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7a97\u53e3\u5c31\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image061.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u9009\u62e9\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5206\u9875\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e32\u5916\u6302\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image062.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u8bd5\u7740\u5b89\u88c5\u53eb\u505a\u300cQuick WKT\u300d\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u680f\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165qui\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9009\u62e9Quick WKT\u540e\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c31\u53ef\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image063.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u63d0\u793a\u8baf\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image064.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6216\u8bb8\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u540d\u8bf4\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8981\u627e\u5230\u8fd8\u771f\u6709\u70b9\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5217\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u9009\u5355\u4e0b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u8981\u53bb\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u2192Quick WKT\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5de5\u5177\u680f\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u70b9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image065.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<h4>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u73b0\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u641c\u5bfb\u5b89\u88c5\u5916\u90e8\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u900f\u8fc7\u641c\u5bfb\u6765\u627e\u5230\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662f\u653e\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u4e2d\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u5b89\u88c5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u9009\u62e9\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u2192\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u5b89\u88c5\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6&#8230;\u4ee5\u5f00\u542f\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5206\u9875\uff0c\u628a\u300c\u663e\u793a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u300d\u6253\u52fe\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image066.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u7136\u540e\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u53eb\u505a\u300c\u65b0\u589e\u300d\u7684\u5206\u9875\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u653e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"fontwidth comments\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6279\u6ce8<\/p>\n<p class=\"comments\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u300c\u65b0\u589e\u300d\u7684\u5206\u9875\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f00\u542f\u663e\u793a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u5206\u9875\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u5f00\u542f:guilabel:\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5458`\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u5230:guilabel:`\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image067.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e2aTime Manager\u770b\u770b\u3002\u9009\u53d6\u6b64\u7ec4\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u70b9\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image068.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u56de\u5230QGIS\u4e3b\u753b\u9762\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5728\u753b\u5e03\u5e95\u4e0b\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u521a\u624d\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Time Manager\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba9\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u66f4\u597d\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image069.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u68c0\u89c6\u2192\u7248\u9762\u914d\u7f6e\u2192Time Manager\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u6216\u5173\u6389\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9762\u677f\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image070.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<h3 data-v-1811fb4e=\"\"><span id=\"5\">5. \u641c\u5bfb\u548c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5f00\u653e\u8857\u56fe\u8d44\u6599<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u53d6\u5f97\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662fGIS\u4f5c\u4e1a\u65f6\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u73af\u3002<a href=\"http:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5f00\u653e\u8857\u56fe(OpenStreetMap,OSM)<\/a>\u00a0\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u3001\u514d\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002OSM\u7684\u6570\u636e\u542b\u6709\u50cf\u662f\u8857\u9053\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u8303\u56f4\u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u5730\u533a\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728QGIS\u5185\u5df2\u7ecf\u5185\u5efa\u4e86\u529f\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528OSM\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u672c\u6559\u5b66\u5c06\u793a\u8303\u5982\u4f55\u5728QGIS\u5185\u5bfb\u627e\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5f00\u653e\u8857\u56fe\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf4\u660e<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5728OSM\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u9152\u5427\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6807\u51fa\u6765\u7136\u540e\u5b58\u6210Shapefile\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5b89\u88c5OSM Place Search\u548cOpenLayers plugin\u8fd92\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u987a\u5229\u5b8c\u6210\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u8bf7\u770b\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.qgistutorials.com\/zh_TW\/docs\/using_plugins.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u4f7f\u7528\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/a>\u00a0\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image071.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">OSM Place Search\u4f1a\u5728QGIS\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505aOSM place search&#8230;\u7684\u9762\u677f\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image072.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">OpenLayers plugin\u4f1a\u5728\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6216\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9009\u5355\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5916\u6302\u8ba9\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728QGIS\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4f\u89c8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5f00\u653e\u8857\u56fe\u7684\u5e95\u56fe\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u2192OpenLayers plugin\u2192Add OpenStreetMap layer\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u4f60\u7684QGIS\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u5fae\u53d8\u5316\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image073.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u63a5\u7740QGIS\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u56fe\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"fontwidth comments\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6279\u6ce8<\/p>\n<p class=\"comments\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u4e0a\u7f51\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u79fb\u5730\u56fe\u94ae\u628a\u5e95\u56fe\u7a0d\u5fae\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba9QGIS\u7acb\u523b\u4ece\u5728\u7ebf\u66f4\u65b0\u56fe\u8d44\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image074.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p data-v-1811fb4e=\"\">\u6765\u627e\u770b\u770b\u4f26\u6566\u5427\u3002\u5728OSM Place Search\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u7684Name contains&#8230;\u5b57\u6bb5\u8f93\u5165london\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u5806\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9f20\u6807\u79fb\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u4f26\u6566\u5e02\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0bZoom\u7684\u6309\u94ae\u3002<\/p>\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/47.107.57.2:8081\/xmutsrsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image075.png\" alt=\"\" data-v-1811fb4e=\"\" \/>\n<p 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